A recent study has revealed significant connections between the shape of the gluteus maximus muscle and various aspects of metabolic health, including age, gender, and lifestyle. Conducted by researchers at the University of Westminster, the findings highlight how muscle shape may serve as an indicator of underlying metabolic conditions.
The research team analyzed over 61,000 MRI scans from a large health database in the UK. They aimed to understand how the gluteus maximus muscle’s structure correlates with fitness levels, aging, and lifestyle habits. The study was presented in December 2023 at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America in Chicago.
The investigation found that the shape of the gluteus maximus changes with various factors. According to E. Louise Thomas, Ph.D., the study’s lead author and professor of metabolic imaging at the University of Westminster, this shape alteration, rather than mere size, “plays a key role” in assessing metabolic health.
The data revealed that individuals exhibiting higher fitness levels, measured through vigorous physical activity and grip strength, showcased a more robust gluteus maximus shape. In contrast, aging, frailty, and prolonged sitting were associated with muscle thinning. These findings suggest that changes in buttock shape may indicate an “early functional decline” and potential metabolic issues, particularly in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
In terms of gender differences, the study noted that men with type 2 diabetes experienced noticeable muscle shrinkage, while women showed an increase in muscle size, likely due to fat infiltration. Furthermore, men categorized as “frail” displayed more general shrinkage in the gluteus maximus, whereas women experienced a limited effect from frailty.
The implications of this research extend beyond academic interest. Marjola Thanaj, Ph.D., a senior research fellow at the University of Westminster, explained that the findings could help identify individuals at risk of metabolic disorders early. This insight can guide preventive measures and interventions tailored to improve health outcomes.
Experts in fitness and health emphasize the importance of strengthening the gluteus maximus as a means to enhance overall well-being. Tanya Becker, co-founder of Physique 57 in New York City, remarked that focusing on glute strength is an “investment in long-term health.” She highlighted that larger muscle groups, such as the glutes, not only burn more calories but also help regulate blood sugar levels. Becker noted, “Muscles are often referred to as the ‘organ of longevity.'”
To build strength in the glutes, Becker recommends traditional exercises like squats, lunges, and bridges. These exercises not only improve muscle tone but also provide protection for the lower back, hips, and knees. For those with physical limitations or injuries, alternative methods such as Pilates and barre classes are suggested, as they can be performed without weights and are accessible for beginners.
The findings from the University of Westminster’s study represent a significant advance in understanding the connections between muscle shape and metabolic health. With further research, these insights could pave the way for improved strategies to combat metabolic disorders and promote healthier lifestyles across diverse populations.
